Paris Gun Ww1 - Already in the autumn of 1914, the German military command demanded that, after the invasion of Belgium by naval guns, the bombardment of the Belgian coast from British coastal cities should be made possible. This need was caused by the need to relieve the German deep-sea fleet on the one hand, and on the other by the fear that the British Royal Navy would close the north already at the beginning of the war. the sea
The naval leadership referred the contract to the Krupp company, which immediately began the development of a long-range cannon and suitable ammunition. From July 1917, the first experiments with the newly developed cannon could be carried out. They were first conducted at the training ground near Meppen, but as the area was too small, the artillery was brought to the Altenwalde training ground in Cuxhafen. There the cannon could be fired into the open North Sea.
Paris Gun Ww1
At the beginning of 1918, two guns were ready for use. Because of their experience with the big guns, the operational crew was composed almost entirely of marines. With the German Spring Offensive on 3 March 1918, they were first used from their position at Saint-Gobain in Crépy-en-Laonnois. Due to the heavy weight of the guns, they had to be built on a foundry with a concrete base.
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Barrel wear was correspondingly high due to the enormous launch energy and high air pressure required to fire the heavy shells. For this reason, the duration of use was only sufficient for about 65 rounds per barrel. In total, 3 heavy guns and 7 matching barrels were produced, which had to be fired after about 65 rounds.
No operation was carried out on the Belgian coast. Instead, the mission was limited to bombing Paris. A total of 367 impacts were calculated in the Old Town and surrounding suburbs. The bombing had no military value. Although this effect initially caused panic among the population, it was short-lived as it became clear that the weapon could not fire accurately enough.
On March 25, 1918, one of the three guns exploded, killing 17 of the crew. At the end of the war, the other two guns were dismantled and brought to Germany where they were dismantled. To prevent the building plans from falling into the hands of the victorious powers, they were hidden or destroyed after the war.
The importance of artillery in warfare grew during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. New developments such as thicker gun barrels improved the accuracy and range of the projectile. This fact book focuses on German artillery during the Great War, probably the first time that artillery was the dominant weapon on the battlefield. Wolfgang Fleischer talks about the variety of artillery that the Germans developed and used during the First World War.
Ww1/france: Paris Gun Firing, 1918 Stock Photo
42cm 'Big Bertha' and the First World War German Siege Artillery (New Vanguard) Paperback - 21 Jan 2014
The Great Bertha, Germany's main secret mobile artillery unit in World War I, easily destroyed French and Belgian fortifications, helping to set the stage for trench warfare.
In the early days of World War I, Germany introduced a new weapon - the 42 cm (16.5 in) M-Gerät mobile howitzer. At the time it was the largest cannon of its kind in the world and a closely guarded secret. When war broke out, two howitzers were transported directly from the factory to Liège, where they quickly destroyed two fortifications and forced the fortress to surrender. After repeated performances at Namur, Maubeuge and Antwerp, German soldiers named the howitzer 'Gross' or 'Deke Bertha' (Fat or Big Bertha) after Bertha von Krupp, owner of the Krupp Armament Works, who made the howitzer. The nickname was soon picked up by the German press, who championed the 42 cm howitzer as a Wunderwaff (wonder weapon), and the legend of Big Bertha was born. The existence of the howitzer was a complete surprise to the Allies, and the sudden fall of the Belgian forts fueled rumors and misinformation, adding to the legend of the 42cm howitzer.
In fact, the 'Big Bertha' was the last of a series of large assault guns designed by the German army to destroy concrete fortifications, and was one of only two 42cm howitzers built for the army. Krupp and only a small part of the siege artillery that the German army had at the beginning of the war. The successes of the German siege guns led both French and British forces to deploy their heavy siege guns, and later in 1915, during the German offensive in the east, Russian fortifications were destroyed by German guns, and the French abandoned their fortifications, however, by 1916. the war was at a standstill. With the standstill, the effectiveness of the siege guns declined until the end of the war. Big Bertha and other assault guns were obsolete.
Jättekanonen Satte Skräck I Paris
This book describes the design and development of German siege guns before and during the First World War, including four models of 30.5 cm mortars, two versions of the 28 cm howitzer and two types of 42 cm howitzer (including 'Big Bertha'); A total of eight types of assault rifles. Accompanying this text are many rare, never-before-published photographs of 'Big Bertha' and other German siege guns. Color illustrations illustrate the most important aspects of German siege artillery.
The First World War ushered in the use of artillery on an unprecedented scale, changing the very nature of warfare from a series of staged battles to intermittent frontal assaults. Beginning with the development of German artillery up to 1914, this illustrated history describes the light and heavy howitzers used by the Germans before testing heavy mortars and long-range weapons. Specialist weapons for mountain, coastal and railway use are also covered along with specialist engineer and infantry guns.
In the nineteenth century the War Office showed little interest in developing heavy artillery for its land forces, preferring to equip its warships with the largest guns. Private initiatives to mount a gun on a railroad truck pulled by a steam engine were demonstrated to the military leaders of the southern states, but it failed. However, in 1916 the development of long-range guns weighing up to 250 tons to break up massive armies and trench systems on the Western Front led to a rethink. The only way these monsters could move quickly across the muddy landscape was to mount them on specially built railway trucks pulled by locomotives.
The railway guns were to be placed on less used country roads where they could fire on beaches, road junctions and ports. Stations provided by independent railway companies and the difficulty of using the same lines for cooperation, military and civilian traffic are described.
Ordnance Bl 14 Inch Railway Gun. Maximum Firing Range: 31,640 M With A 719kg Shell, 34,750 M With A 640kg Shell
The First World War also led to the creation of large training camps for railwaymen. When the war ended, most of the railway guns were dismantled and lost in ammunition depots. Training and development was suspended because the War Council was uncertain about the need for artillery in a future war.
The book mainly focuses on the reality of that time, the type of guns, locomotives, artillery targets, locations and what it was like when the shots were fired. It is fully illustrated with pictures, maps and covers various aspects of railway guns together with their locomotives and equipment.
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Edmund Louis Gray Zalinski
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When the Germans wanted to shell Paris during the First World War, they knew exactly what they were doing. The only problem was that the Germans could not get Paris in the sights of their artillery.
So they did what any German would do: they built a gun that could hit Paris from where they were - 75 miles away. The Paris Cannon, as it was called, had the longest range of any artillery weapon in history.
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No one knows what the full capabilities of the Paris guns were, because they were all destroyed by the retreating Germans. All captured so far were fixed guns
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